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not wash their hands or have good toilet hygiene. There are 263 cases through April this year. Officials logged 190 cases for all of 2013.
• WHOOPING COUGH
• Pertussis, which is also called Whooping Cough because it causes violent coughing, is on the rise nationally. Incidences have increased 156 percent so far this year compared to the 5-year median. Kightlinger said the 23 cases so far this year in South Dakota this year are too many for a preventable disease. There are vaccines available for pertussis. Students who don't attend school aren't held to the vaccine requirement, Kightlinger said, and as children get older the vaccine can lose effectiveness.
• CHLAMYDIA
• Kightlinger said Chlamydia infections have been an ongoing problem for the state. Chlamydia infections have the highest rate in the state's April report, with a total of 1,388 cases. Two thirds of those infections are among 15-24-year-olds. The figures are up 18 percent compared to the 5-year median.
• HIV/AIDS
• Infection rates of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and the later stage of the illness, AIDS, are up 129 percent from the 5-year median. The initial figures are relatively small, which inflates the percentage. There are 16 cases so far this year. Historically, the cases of HIV in the state have been concentrated in Minnehaha and Pennington Counties.
• GONORRHEA
• Gonorrhea rates are up 30 percent compared to the 5-year median. The sexually transmitted infection currently affects 30 of every 100,000 South Dakotan.
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