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• On this date:
• In 1840, Britain's first adhesive postage stamp, the Penny Black, officially went into circulation five days after its introduction.
• In 1863, the Civil War Battle of Chancellorsville in Virginia ended with a Confederate victory over Union forces.
• In 1882, President Chester Alan Arthur signed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which barred Chinese immigrants from the U.S. for 10 years (Arthur had opposed an earlier version with a 20-year ban).
• In 1889, the Paris Exposition formally opened, featuring the just-completed Eiffel Tower.
• In 1910, Britain's Edwardian era ended with the death of King Edward VII; he was succeeded by George V.
• In 1935, the Works Progress Administration began operating under an executive order signed by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
• In 1937, the hydrogen-filled German airship Hindenburg burned and crashed in Lakehurst, N.J., killing 35 of the 97 people on board and a Navy crewman on the ground.
• In 1942, during World War II some 15,000 Americans and Filipinos on Corregidor surrendered to Japanese forces.
• In 1960, Britain's Princess Margaret married Antony Armstrong-Jones, a commoner, at Westminster Abbey. (They divorced in 1978.)
• In 1962, in the first test of its kind, the submerged submarine USS Ethan Allen fired a Polaris missile armed with a nuclear warhead that detonated above the Pacific Ocean.
• In 1981, Yale architecture student Maya Ying Lin was named winner of a competition to design the Vietnam Veterans Memorial.
• In 1994, former Arkansas state worker Paula Jones filed suit against President Bill Clinton, alleging he'd sexually harassed her in 1991. (Jones reached a settlement with Clinton in November 1998.) Britain's Queen Elizabeth II and French President Francois Mitterrand (frahn-SWAH' mee-teh-RAHN') formally opened the Channel Tunnel between their countries.
•
• Ten years ago: President George W. Bush apologized for the abuse of Iraqi prisoners by American soldiers, calling it "a stain on our country's honor"; he rejected calls for Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld's resignation. The FBI arrested Oregon lawyer Brandon Mayfield as part of the investigation into the Madrid train bombings; however, the bureau later said Mayfield's arrest had been a mistake, and

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