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tary Albert B. Fall signed a secret deal to lease U.S. Navy petroleum reserves in Wyoming and California to his friends, oilmen Harry F. Sinclair and Edward L. Doheny, in exchange for cash gifts.
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• On this date:
• In 1788, an expedition led by Gen. Rufus Putnam established a settlement at present-day Marietta, Ohio.
• In 1798, the Mississippi Territory was created by an act of Congress, with Natchez as the capital.
• In 1862, Union forces led by Gen. Ulysses S. Grant defeated the Confederates at the Battle of Shiloh in Tennessee.
• In 1927, the image and voice of Commerce Secretary Herbert Hoover were transmitted live from Washington to New York in the first successful long-distance demonstration of television.
• In 1939, Italy invaded Albania, which was annexed less than a week later.
• In 1949, the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical "South Pacific" opened on Broadway.
• In 1953, the U.N. General Assembly ratified Dag Hammarskjold (dahg HAWM'-ahr-shoold) of Sweden as the new secretary-general, succeeding Trygve Lie (TRIHG'-vuh lee) of Norway.
• In 1964, IBM introduced its System/360, the company's first line of compatible mainframe computers that gave customers the option of upgrading from lower-cost models to more powerful ones.
• In 1966, the U.S. Navy recovered a hydrogen bomb that the U.S. Air Force had lost in the Mediterranean Sea off Spain following a B-52 crash.
• In 1978, President Jimmy Carter announced he was deferring development of the neutron bomb, a high-radiation weapon.
• In 1983, space shuttle astronauts Story Musgrave and Don Peterson went on the first U.S. spacewalk in almost a decade as they worked in the open cargo bay of Challenger for nearly four hours.
• In 1984, the Census Bureau reported Los Angeles had overtaken Chicago as the nation's "second city" in terms of population.
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• Ten years ago: Mounir el-Motassadeq (moo-neer ehl mah-tuh-SAD'-uhk), convicted of involvement in the 9/11 attacks, was freed less than 2 1/2 years into a 15-year sentence after a court in Hamburg, Germany, ruled the evidence was too weak to hold him pending a retrial. (El-Motassadeq was convicted in 2006 of being a

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