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after she was implicated in a plot to murder her cousin, Queen Elizabeth I.
• In 1862, the Civil War Battle of Roanoke Island, N.C, ended in victory for Union forces led by Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside.
• In 1904, the Russo-Japanese War, a conflict over control of Manchuria and Korea, began as Japanese forces attacked Port Arthur.
• In 1910, the Boy Scouts of America was incorporated.
• In 1922, President Warren G. Harding had a radio installed in the White House.
• In 1924, the first execution by gas in the United States took place at the Nevada State Prison in Carson City as Gee Jon, a Chinese immigrant convicted of murder, was put to death.
• In 1942, during World War II, Japanese forces began invading Singapore, which fell a week later.
• In 1952, Queen Elizabeth II proclaimed her accession to the British throne following the death of her father, King George VI.
• In 1968, three college students were killed in a confrontation with highway patrolmen in Orangeburg, S.C., during a civil rights protest against a whites-only bowling alley.
• In 1973, Senate leaders named seven members of a select committee to investigate the Watergate scandal, including its chairman, Sen. Sam J. Ervin, D-N.C.
• In 1984, the Winter Olympics opened in Sarajevo, Yugoslavia.
• In 1989, 144 people were killed when an American-chartered Boeing 707 filled with Italian tourists slammed into a fog-covered mountain in the Azores.
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• Ten years ago: President George W. Bush denied marching America into war against Iraq under false pretenses and said in a taped interview broadcast on NBC's "Meet the Press" the U.S.-led invasion was necessary because Saddam Hussein could have developed a nuclear weapon. The National Football Conference won the Pro Bowl, defeating the American Conference 55-52. In the National Hockey League All-Star Game, the Eastern Conference defeated the Western Conference, 6-4. At the Grammy Awards, rap funksters OutKast won album of the year for "Speakerboxxx-The Love Below" and Beyonce (bee-AHN'-say) took home a record-tying five trophies.
• Five years ago: Robert Plant and Alison Krauss won five Grammys, including album of the year, for "Raising Sand." R&B singer Chris Brown was arrested on suspicion of making a criminal threat (he was later sentenced to five years of probation for beating his longtime girlfriend, singer Rihanna). The NFC rallied to a 30-21 victory over the AFC in the Pro Bowl.

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