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• In 1943, President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed a measure providing funds for a national monument honoring scientist George Washington Carver; the monument was built at Carver's birthplace near Diamond, Mo.
• In 1960, British researcher Jane Goodall arrived at the Gombe (GAHM'-bay) Stream Reserve in the Tanganyika Territory (in present-day Tanzania) to begin her famous study of chimpanzees in the wild.
• In 1966, eight student nurses were murdered by Richard Speck in a Chicago dormitory.
• In 1976, Jimmy Carter won the Democratic presidential nomination at the party's convention in New York.
• In 1980, the Republican national convention opened in Detroit, where nominee-apparent Ronald Reagan told a welcoming rally he and his supporters were determined to "make America great again."
• In 1999, race-based school busing in Boston came to an end after 25 years.
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• Ten years ago: Iraq's new governing council, in its first full day on the job, voted to send a delegation to the U.N. Security Council and assert its right to represent Baghdad on the world stage. President George W. Bush, facing questions about his credibility, said the United States was working overtime to prove Saddam Hussein was developing weapons of mass destruction before the United States invaded Iraq. Newspaper columnist Robert Novak publicly revealed the CIA employment of Valerie Plame, wife of Joseph Wilson, a former U.S. ambassador in Africa who said the administration had twisted prewar intelligence on Iraq.
• Five years ago: President George W. Bush lifted an executive ban on offshore oil drilling which had stood since his father was president. The New Yorker magazine featured a satirical cover showing Barack Obama dressed as a Muslim and his wife, Michelle, as a terrorist in the Oval Office. (The Obama campaign called the cover "tasteless and offensive.")
• One year ago: A suicide bomber blew himself up among guests at a wedding hall in northern Afghanistan, killing 23 people, including a prominent ex-Uzbek warlord turned lawmaker who was the father of the bride. The boss of British security group G4S went on television to say he was sorry that his company had bungled the contract to help protect the 2012 London Olympic Games.
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• Today's Birthdays: Actor Harry Dean Stanton is 87. Actress Nancy Olson is 85. Actress Polly Bergen is 83. Former football player and actor Rosey Grier is 81. Actor Vincent Pastore is 67. Former music company executive Tommy Mottola (muh-TOH'-luh) is 64. Rock musician Chris Cross (Ultravox) is 61. Actor Jerry Houser is

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