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years away. Lord Shawcross, Britain's chief prosecutor at the Nazi war crimes trials in Nuremberg, died in Cowbeech, England, at age 101.
• Five years ago: President George W. Bush signed a bill overhauling rules about government eavesdropping and granting immunity to telecommunications companies that helped the U.S. spy on Americans in suspected terrorism cases. The Senate handily confirmed Gen. David Petraeus as the top commander in the Middle East. Former White House adviser Karl Rove defied a congressional subpoena, refusing to testify about allegations of political pressure at the Justice Department.
• One year ago: Clashing over the economy, President Barack Obama challenged Mitt Romney to join him in allowing tax hikes for rich Americans like them; Romney dismissed the idea and redirected charges that he had sent jobs overseas when he worked in private equity, calling Obama the real "outsourcer-in-chief." An Israeli court cleared former Prime Minister Ehud Olmert of the central charges in a multi-case corruption trial that forced him from power, but convicted him of a lesser charge of breach of trust, for which Olmert received a suspended one-year jail sentence. The National League romped to an 8-0 victory over the American League in the All-Star game.
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• Today's Birthdays: Former boxer Jake LaMotta is 92. Writer-producer Earl Hamner Jr. is 90. Former New York City Mayor David N. Dinkins is 86. Actor William Smithers is 86. Broadway composer Jerry Herman is 82. Director Ivan Passer is 80. Actor Lawrence Pressman is 74. Singer Mavis Staples is 74. Actor Mills Watson is 73. Actor Robert Pine is 72. Rock musician Jerry Miller (Moby Grape) is 70. International Tennis Hall of Famer Virginia Wade is 68. Actor Ron Glass is 68. Actress Sue Lyon is 67. Folk singer Arlo Guthrie is 66. Rock musician Dave Smalley is 64. Country-folk singer-songwriter Cheryl Wheeler is 62. Rock singer Neil Tennant (Pet Shop Boys) is 59. Banjo player Bela Fleck is 55. Country musician Shaw Wilson (BR549) is 53. Country singer-songwriter Ken Mellons is 48. Rock musician Peter DiStefano (Porno for Pyros) is 48. Actor Gale Harold is 44. Country singer Gary LeVox (leh-VOH') (Rascal Flatts) is 43. Actor Aaron D. Spears is 42. Actress Sofia Vergara is 41. Rockabilly singer Imelda May is 39. Actor Adrian Grenier (grehn-YAY') is 37. Actress Gwendoline Yeo is 36. Actor Thomas Ian Nicholas is 33. Singer-actress Jessica Simpson is 33. Rock musician John Spiker is 32. Actress Heather Hemmens is 29.
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• Thought for Today: "When I feel the heat, I see the light." -- Everett Dirksen, American politician (1896-1969).
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