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• On this date:
• In 1776, the Continental Congress passed a resolution saying that "these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States."
• In 1812, Connecticut Gov. Roger Griswold declared his state's militia would not serve in the war against Britain, reflecting New Englanders' opposition to the conflict.
• In 1881, President James A. Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau at the Washington railroad station; Garfield died the following September. (Guiteau was hanged in June 1882.)
• In 1926, the United States Army Air Corps was created.
• In 1937, aviator Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan disappeared over the Pacific Ocean while attempting to make the first round-the-world flight along the equator.
• In 1943, Bing Crosby and the Ken Darby Singers recorded "Sunday, Monday or Always" for Decca Records.
• In 1961, author Ernest Hemingway shot himself to death at his home in Ketchum, Idaho.
• In 1964, President Lyndon B. Johnson signed into law a sweeping civil rights bill passed by Congress.
• In 1973, actress Betty Grable, 56, died in Santa Monica, Calif.
• In 1982, Larry Walters of San Pedro, Calif., used a lawn chair equipped with 45 helium-filled weather balloons to rise to an altitude of 16,000 feet; he landed eight miles away in Long Beach.
• In 1997, actor James Stewart died in Beverly Hills, Calif., at age 89.
• In 2002, American adventurer Steve Fossett became the first person to fly a balloon solo around the world as he returned to western Australia.
•
• Ten years ago: Palestinian police marched into Bethlehem, taking control of the ancient West Bank city after Israel withdrew under a U.S.-backed peace plan. Vancouver was awarded the 2010 Winter Olympics.
• Five years ago: Colombian military spies tricked leftist rebels into freeing 15 hostages: Ex-presidential candidate Ingrid Betancourt, three U.S. military contractors, and 11 Colombian policemen and soldiers. Police in Randolph, Vt., unearthed the body of 12-year-old Brooke Bennett from a makeshift grave, ending a weeklong search. (The girl's uncle, Michael Jacques (JAKES), has pleaded not guilty to rape and murder.)
• One year ago: Jim Yong Kim began his new job as president of the World Bank,

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