Wednesday,  February 13, 2013 • Vol. 14--No. 209 • 18 of 35 •  Other Editions

Somber red Betelgeuse shines in the shoulder of Orion

• The three sparkling blue-white stars of Orion's Belt are fairly easy to spot. As viewed from this hemisphere, this compact line of stars can be found in the south to southeast sky at nightfall. Look in the southern sky at evening and the southwest sky later tonight. Chances are the pattern you'll pick out will be Orion!

• If you're unfamiliar with the constellation Orion, let the super brilliant planet Jupiter help you. As seen from middle and far northern latitudes, Orion resides to the lower left of Jupiter, the brightest star-like object to adorn the evening sky.
• Good chance that Jupiter and Orion will be out till after your bedtime. But to catch Mercury, the innermost planet of the solar system, look in the western sky and close to the sunset point on the horizon an hour or so after sunset. Binoculars may be helpful. Because both the moon and Mercury reside near the ecliptic - the pathway of the moon and planets - the "bow" of the waxing crescent moon will be pointing in the general direction of Mercury.
• You may note that Orion's two brightest stars - Betelgeuse and Rigel - lodge at an equal distance above and below Orion's Belt. Rigel is shown on today's chart. Look back at yesterday's chart to see Betelgeuse.
• More on Rigel: Orion's brightest star
• Betelgeuse: Will explode someday
• Look again at Rigel. Because it lies some 775 light-years away, Rigel must be intrinsically extraordinarily luminous to shine so brightly in our sky. If this star were as close as our sun, it would outshine the sun by 40,000 times!
• Although both Rigel and Betelgeuse are extremely luminous supergiant suns, the stark color contrast between these two stars makes Betelgeuse and Rigel readily distinguishable. (Try binoculars, if you can't distinguish color with the unaided eye.) Betelgeuse has a reddish hue, while Rigel sparkles blue-white. By the way, a star's color is very revealing of its surface temperature. Red stars are cool (2,000 to 3,500

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