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• In 1901, Britain's Queen Victoria died at age 81.
• In 1912, the Florida Keys Over-Sea Railroad, which connected the Keys with the mainland, went into service.
• In 1917, President Woodrow Wilson pleaded for an end to war in Europe, calling for "peace without victory." (By April, however, America also was at war.)
• In 1922, Pope Benedict XV died; he was succeeded by Pius XI.
• In 1938, Thornton Wilder's play "Our Town" was performed publicly for the first time in Princeton, N.J.
• In 1944, during World War II, Allied forces began landing at Anzio, Italy.
• In 1953, the Arthur Miller drama "The Crucible" opened on Broadway.
• In 1968, the fast-paced sketch comedy series "Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In" premiered on NBC-TV.
• In 1973, a Boeing 707 chartered by Nigeria Airways crashed while attempting to land at Kano International Airport; 176 of the 202 people aboard were killed. George Foreman upset reigning heavyweight champion Joe Frazier with a second round TKO in their match in Kingston, Jamaica.
• In 1984, the Los Angeles Raiders defeated the Washington Redskins 38-9 to win Super Bowl XVIII (18), played at Tampa Stadium in Florida. (The game broadcast on CBS-TV featured Apple Computer's famous "1984" ad introducing the Macintosh computer.)
• In 1998, Theodore Kaczynski (kah-ZIHN'-skee) pleaded guilty in Sacramento, Calif., to being the Unabomber in return for a sentence of life in prison without parole.
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• Ten years ago: Countering blunt talk of war by the Bush administration, France and Germany defiantly stated they were committed to a peaceful solution to the Iraq crisis. Opponents and supporters of abortion rights rallied on the 30th anniversary of the Supreme Court's Roe v. Wade ruling. Pulitzer Prize-winning cartoonist Bill Mauldin, who'd immortalized World War II soldiers with his characters Willie and Joe, died in Newport Beach, Calif., at age 81.
• Five years ago: Actor Heath Ledger, 28, was found dead of an accidental prescription overdose in a New York City apartment. Jose Padilla (hoh-ZAY' puh-DEE'-uh), once accused of plotting with al-Qaida to blow up a radioactive "dirty bomb," was sentenced by a U.S. federal judge in Miami to 17 years and four months on other terrorism conspiracy charges. Republican Fred Thompson quit the race for the White House after a string of poor finishes in early primary and caucus states.
• One year ago: Longtime Penn State coach Joe Paterno, who'd won more games

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