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• On June 13, 1944, Germany began launching flying-bomb attacks against Britain during World War II.
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• On this date:
• In 1842, Queen Victoria became the first British monarch to ride on a train, traveling from Slough Railway Station to Paddington in 25 minutes.
• In 1886, King Ludwig II of Bavaria drowned in Lake Starnberg.
• In 1927, aviation hero Charles Lindbergh was honored with a ticker-tape parade in New York City.
• In 1935, James Braddock claimed the title of world heavyweight boxing champion from Max Baer in a 15-round fight in Long Island City, New York.
• In 1942, the first of two four-man Nazi sabotage teams arrived in the United States during World War II. (The eight were arrested after one of them went to U.S. authorities; six of the saboteurs were executed.)
• In 1957, the Mayflower II, a replica of the ship that brought the Pilgrims to America in 1620, arrived at Plymouth, Massachusetts, after a nearly two-month journey from England.
• In 1966, the Supreme Court ruled in Miranda v. Arizona that criminal suspects had to be informed of their constitutional right to consult with an attorney and to remain silent.
• In 1971, The New York Times began publishing excerpts of the Pentagon Papers, a secret study of America's involvement in Vietnam from 1945 to 1967 that had been leaked to the paper by military analyst Daniel Ellsberg.
• In 1981, a scare occurred during a parade in London when a teenager fired six blank shots at Queen Elizabeth II.
• In 1983, the U.S. space probe Pioneer 10, launched in 1972, became the first spacecraft to leave the solar system as it crossed the orbit of Neptune.
• In 1993, Canada's Progressive Conservative Party chose Defense Minister Kim Campbell to succeed Brian Mulroney (muhl-ROO'-nee) as prime minister; she was the first woman to hold the post. Astronaut Donald K. "Deke" Slayton died in League City, Texas, at age 69.
• In 1996, the 81-day-old Freemen standoff ended as 16 remaining members of the anti-government group surrendered to the FBI and left their Montana ranch.
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• Ten years ago: In Iraq, gunmen assassinated a senior Education Ministry official (Kamal al-Jarah). Former President George H.W. Bush celebrated his 80th birthday (a day late) with a 13,000-foot parachute jump over his presidential library in College

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