Wednesday,  Sept.. 11, 2013 • Vol. 15--No. 58 • 34 of 35

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• On this date:
• In 1777, during the American Revolution, forces under Gen. George Washington were defeated by the British in the Battle of Brandywine.
• In 1814, an American fleet scored a decisive victory over the British in the Battle

of Lake Champlain in the War of 1812.
• In 1857, the Mountain Meadows Massacre took place in present-day southern Utah as a 120-member Arkansas immigrant party was slaughtered by Mormon militiamen aided by Paiute Indians.
• In 1922, the British Mandate for Palestine went into effect.
• In 1936, Boulder Dam (now Hoover Dam) began operation as President Franklin D. Roosevelt pressed a key in Washington to signal the startup of the dam's first hydroelectric generator.
• In 1941, groundbreaking took place for the Pentagon. In a speech that drew accusations of anti-Semitism, Charles A. Lindbergh told an America First rally in Des Moines, Iowa, that "the British, the Jewish and the Roosevelt administration" were pushing the United States toward war.
• In 1954, the Miss America pageant made its network TV debut on ABC; Miss California, Lee Meriwether, was crowned the winner.
• In 1962, The Beatles completed their first single for EMI, "Love Me Do" and "P.S. I Love You," at EMI studios in London.
• In 1971, former Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev died at age 77.
• In 1972, the troubled Munich Summer Olympics ended. Northern California's Bay Area Rapid Transit system began operations.
• In 1973, Chilean President Salvador Allende (ah-YEN'-day) died during a violent military coup.
• In 1989, the exodus of East German refugees from Hungary to West Germany began.

• Ten years ago:
Israel issued an ominous threat to "remove" Yasser Arafat for failing to halt suicide bombings. Swedish Foreign Minister Anna Lindh died from stab wounds inflicted when she was attacked in a Stockholm department store a day earlier. Actor John Ritter died six days before his 55th birthday at Providence St. Joseph Medical Center in Burbank, Calif. - the same hospital where he was born in 1948.
Five years ago: Presidential candidates John McCain and Barack Obama put aside politics as they visited ground zero together on the anniversary of 9/11 to

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